Table 2 Comparison of electrogram and signal-averaged electrogram parameters between athletes and controls
ECG parameters | Controls (n = 71) | Athletes (n = 48) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Heart rate, bpm | 68.1 ± 9.3 | 55.5 ± 7.2 | < 0.001 |
PR interval, ms | 157.9 ± 16.5 | 162.9 ± 33.6 | 0.348 |
QRS duration, ms | 90.9 ± 8.7 | 92.5 ± 11.0 | 0.379 |
QTc, ms | 413.4 ± 23.5 | 436.6 ± 27.9 | < 0.001 |
R axis, degree | 71.3 ± 26.1 | 84.1 ± 11.8 | < 0.001 |
T axis, degree | 51.9 ± 12.1 | 51.9 ± 22.2 | 0.992 |
Right atrial enlargement | 0 | 1 (2.1) | 0.403 |
Q wave | 1 (1.4) | 0 | 1.0 |
T inversion | 0 | 1 (2.1) | 0.403 |
Early repolarization | 8 (11.3) | 24 (50.0) | < 0.001 |
Fragmented QRS | 1 (1.4) | 5 (10.4%) | 0.039 |
fQRS inferior | 1 (1.4) | 3 (6.2) | 0.302 |
fQRS anterior | 0 | 2 (4.2) | 0.161 |
Sinus arrhythmia | 1 (1.4) | 7 (14.6) | 0.007 |
SAECG parameters | |||
Filtered QRS duration, ms | 102.0 ± 11.5 | 105.4 ± 34.8 | 0.544 |
Terminal QRS RMS voltage, uV | 66.4 ± 45.4 | 88.4 ± 57.7 | 0.059 |
Low amplitude late potential duration, ms | 25.1 ± 11.1 | 19.3 ± 16.8 | 0.059 |
Filtered QRS > 114 ms | 5 (7.0) | 11 (22.9) | 0.013 |
Terminal QRS RMS voltage < 20 uV | 4 (5.6) | 10 (20.8) | 0.012 |
Low amplitude late potential duration > 38 ms | 6 (8.5) | 4 (8.3) | 1.0 |
1 positive criteria | 11 (15.5) | 17 (35.4) | 0.012 |
2 positive criteria | 3 (4.2) | 4 (8.3) | 0.438 |
3 positive criteria | 1 (1.4) | 4 (8.3) | 0.156 |