Table 1 Baseline characteristics
All patient (n = 864) n (%) |Mean ± SD | TTR ≥ 65% (n = 227) n (%) |Mean ± SD | TTR < 65% (n = 637) n (%) |Mean ± SD | p value1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age < 75 years‡ | 428 (49.54) | 130 (57.27) | 298 (46.78) | 0.007‡ |
Mean Age (years) | 73.6 ± 11.58 | 72.25 ± 11.96 | 74.08 ± 11.41 | 0.040‡ |
Female | 447 (51.74) | 119 (52.42) | 328 (51.49) | 0.809 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.28 ± 8.54 | 26.44 ± 14.4 | 24.86 ± 4.96 | 0.016‡ |
Education | 0.120 | |||
Primary or no | 432 (50) | 102 (44.93) | 330 (51.81) | |
Secondary | 241 (27.89) | 65 (28.63) | 176 (27.63) | |
Tertiary or higher | 191 (22.11) | 60 (26.43) | 131 (20.57) | |
Occupation | 0.219 | |||
Government/state enterprises | 145 (16.78) | 48 (21.15) | 97 (15.23) | |
Employee | 171 (19.79) | 45 (19.82) | 126 (19.78) | |
Business | 127 (14.7) | 31 (13.66) | 96 (15.07) | |
Others | 421 (48.73) | 103 (45.37) | 318 (49.92) | |
Smoking | 0.736 | |||
Non-smoker | 595 (68.87) | 152 (66.96) | 443 (69.54) | |
Current smoker | 46 (5.32) | 12 (5.29) | 34 (5.34) | |
Ex-smoker | 223 (25.81) | 63 (27.75) | 160 (25.12) | |
Alcohol | 0.309 | |||
Non-drink | 635 (73.5) | 163 (71.81) | 472 (74.1) | |
Current drink | 20 (2.31) | 3 (1.32) | 17 (2.67) | |
Ex-drink | 209 (24.19) | 61 (26.87) | 148 (23.23) | |
Herbal use | 36 (4.17) | 8 (3.52) | 28 (4.4) | 0.573 |
Hypertension | 682 (78.94) | 181 (79.74) | 501 (78.65) | 0.730 |
Diabetes mellitus | 340 (39.44) | 75 (33.19) | 265 (41.67) | 0.025‡ |
Dyslipidemia | 463 (53.59) | 112 (49.34) | 351 (55.1) | 0.135 |
Coronary artery disease | 204 (23.61) | 47 (20.7) | 157 (24.65) | 0.230 |
Peripheral arterial disease | 38 (4.4) | 12 (5.29) | 26 (4.08) | 0.447 |
Heart failure | 129 (14.93) | 20 (8.81) | 109 (17.11) | 0.003‡ |
Transient ischemia attack | 78 (9.04) | 17 (7.49) | 61 (9.59) | 0.343 |
Hepatic impairment | 157 (18.17) | 30 (13.22) | 127 (19.94) | 0.024 |
CKD (mean GFR ml/min/1.73 m2) | 64.18 ± 23.44 | 68.64 ± 20.3 | 62.58 ± 24.28 | < 0.001‡ |
CKD (GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 335 (38.77) | 61 (26.87) | 274 (43.01) | < 0.001‡ |
CKD (GFR < 50 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 222 (25.69) | 37 (16.3) | 185 (29.04) | < 0.001‡ |
Thrombosis related | 0.053 | |||
Systemic emboli | 95 (11.01) | 22 (9.69) | 73 (11.48) | |
Myocardial infarction | 72 (8.34) | 11 (4.85) | 61 (9.59) | |
Bleeding | 0.011‡ | |||
Major bleeding | 18 (2.09) | 4 (1.76) | 14 (2.21) | |
Minor bleeding | 54 (6.27) | 5 (2.2) | 49 (7.73) | |
LVEF (%) | 59.18 ± 14.81 | 61.94 ± 12.64 | 58.2 ± 15.4 | < 0.001‡ |
LVEF < 40% | 99 (11.47) | 14 (6.19) | 85 (13.34) | 0.004‡ |
Cordarone | 55 (6.37) | 12 (5.29) | 43 (6.76) | 0.435 |
Flecainide | 2 (0.23) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.31) | 1.000 |
Digoxin | 104 (12.04) | 26 (11.45) | 78 (12.24) | 0.753 |
Betablocker | 590 (68.29) | 161 (70.93) | 429 (67.35) | 0.320 |
Non-dihydropyridine CCB | 11 (1.27) | 0 (0) | 11 (1.73) | 0.076 |
Dihydropyridine CCB | 214 (24.8) | 52 (22.91) | 162 (25.47) | 0.442 |
Antiplatelet | 121 (14) | 11 (4.85) | 110 (17.27) | 0.001‡ |
Warfarin (mg/week) | 18.54 ± 7.74 | 19.72 ± 8.31 | 18.12 ± 7.49 | 0.007‡ |
Drug interaction | 524 (60.86) | 142 (62.83) | 382 (60.16) | 0.479 |
INR measurement | 20.38 ± 14.44 | 18.73 ± 11.21 | 20.96 ± 15.39 | 0.021‡ |
Mean TTR | 48.11 ± 25.18 | 78.48 ± 10.65 | 36.5 ± 18.58 | < 0.001‡ |
SAME TT2R2 score | 0.135 | |||
2 | 216 (25) | 65 (28.63) | 151 (23.7) | |
3 | 365 (42.25) | 100 (44.05) | 265 (41.6) | |
4 | 248 (28.7) | 52 (22.91) | 196 (30.77) | |
≥ 5 | 35 (4.05) | 10 (4.41) | 25 (3.92) | |
Mean CHA2DS2-VASc score | 3.94 ± 1.62 | 3.59 ± 1.63 | 4.06 ± 1.60 | < 0.001‡ |
Mean HASBLED score | 2.77 ± 1.09 | 1.95 ± 0.97 | 3.06 ± 0.97 | < 0.001‡ |
HASBLED score < 3 | 320 (37.04) | 162 (71.37) | 158 (24.8) | < 0.001‡ |